Buckwheat-History, Nutritional Values, Uses

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) or common buckwheat is a plant cultivated for its grain like seeds. In Nepal commonly famous as Fapar. Buckwheat is a short season crop that grows well in low fertility soil. In hot climate buckwheat can be grown only by sowing late in season, so that it blooms on cool weather. The presence of pollinators greatly increase yield in nectar from flowering buckwheat produces a dark colored honey. Buckwheat has triangular seeds and produces a flower that is usually white, although can be yellow or pink. Buckwheat has a grow period of only 10-12 weeks and can be grown in high altitude or northern areas.

History
Russian empire was the world leader in buckwheat production.Growing areas in Russian empire were estimated at 2,600,000 hectares followed by France at 360,000 hectares. 1,524,280 tons of buckwheat was produced in Russia.

Nutritional Values
With a 100-gram serving of dry buckwheat it provides 343 kilocalories of food energy, or 92 kcal cooked. Buckwheat is a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, dietary fiber, four B vitamins and several dietary minerals, with content especially high (47 to 65% DV) in niacin, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus. Buckwheat is 72% carbohydrates, including 10% dietary fiber, 3% fat, 13% protein, and 10% water.

Uses

  • It is used as green manure as a plant for erosion control, or as a wild life cover and feed.
  • Used as gradient in many grain feed, dog treats and foods.
  • It is currently being used and studied as a pollen and nectar source to increase natural predator number to control pest in New Zealand.
  • In recent years buckwheat has been used as a substitute for other grains in gluten free beer.
  • Roasted buckwheat is used to make tea and is known as (soba-cha) in Japan , (Kuqiao-cha) in China and (memil-cha) in Korea.
  • In Nepal buckwheat is also used in human diet.(Faparko roti)

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